Method of and apparatus for making headed articles



0. R. WARD.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING HEADED ARTICLES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 24,- 1918- 5 SHEETS-SHEET INVENTOR @KVQHQM&

Patented Jan. 3, 1922.,

WM OQW fi w D. R. WARD.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING HEADED ARTICLES.

. APPLICATION FILED.MAY 24, 1918- Patented Jan. 3, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 INVENTOR \Q. QM %MQKWYQMMA&U

@N wN WITNESSES WW D. R. WARD.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING HEADED ARTICLES.

APPLICATION FILED- MAY 24, I9I8- Patented Jan. 3, 1922..

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

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"M l hn ll l l H l H H I H I I IWH I IN H I I I I I I Hm. l lwwm H HunD. R. WARD. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING HEADED ARTICLES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 24, I918.

Patented Jan. 3, 1922 5 SHEETSSHEET 4.

I III nu I 6 8% a Q INVENTOR H PQBM WQMAU X 6A D. R. WARD. METHOD OF ANDAPPARATUS FOR MAKING HEADED ARTICLES;

x APPLICATION FILED MAY 24, I918- 1,402,027 Patented Jan. 3, 1922.

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. mm or urn ura'rus was MAR'ING i To all whom it may concern! Be itknown that. I, DAVID R. 'WARD, a citizen of the United 'States, residingat Struthers, in the county of Mahoning and State of Ohio,have inventeda new and useful Improvement in the Method of and Apparatus for MakingHeaded Articles, of

which the following is 'a full, clear, and exact description, referencebeing had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of one form of machineembodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view on the line 11-11 of Figure 1..

Figure 3 is a similar view on the line III-III of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is asectional view through a por-' tion of the machine on theline IV-- IV of Figure 2. i

Figure'5 isaii'iend view of the driving gears for one of the shear crankshafts.

- ing members.

holding members.

Figure 7 is a detail horizontal sectionalview through the heading dieand the stock- This invention relates to an improvement in themanufacture of headed articles, such as tacks, spikes-rivets, bolts andother headed articles, together with an apparatus for manufacturing sucharticles.

The object of my invention is to provide a; cheap and eflicient methodand apparatus of this character, and which is more particularly designedfor the manufacture of headv.ed articles having a' comparativelythinbody with relation to the be which are uniform.

portion and a relatively large head p0rtion.

- Another object of my invention is to pro- .vide a machine of thischaracter whereby; ain enabled to form headed articles of this type in arapidmanner and in which the head is formed by aplurality of operations,

so as to form a head a proximately central y portion and heads Figure 6is a face viewof the stock clamppartially formed head and'complete thehead 'on the en'd'of the body of the article, so that tipn for each tworevo An'rIoLEs.

. I .I r In, 4 Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 3, 1922..

Application filed May 24, 1918. Serial Ito.- 286,418. I i

A gfu rther object of my invention is to to provide duplicate feedingmechanism for A still further object of my invention the stock whichwill alternately feed two or more stock bars or rods to the headingdevices, as well as provide a cutting device which is adapted't beshifted and will alternately cut off the two pieces. of stock as theyare fed forward after the completion ofthe article formed on the end ofthe stbck. In devices of this kind heretofore-known t me, the stock orhead of the article is usu ally upset at one operation, so that the headwas liable to be mashed to one side of the center of the body of thearticle. By' my improved method and apparatus, I first par tially formthe head by means of a recessed die, and thenafterwards upset the theheads Willbe of regular shape and located concentrically with relationto the body of the article.

The'precisenature of my invention will be best understood by referenceto the accompan ing drawings, which will now 'be' descri ed, it beingpremised, however, that various changes may be niade in the details; ofconstruction of the apparatus without departing from the'spirit andscope of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

Referring tothe accompanying drawings, the reference character 2designates the b bevelgears 5 and 5 from the main shafii' 6 designates atransversely movable Slide-block, which, is, adapted to move in guides 7connected to the main frame 2, and

connected to this slide block 6 are rollersS frame of the machine, and 3the main drivwhich engage came 9 and 9 on shafts on make one .wvolu- 1nected to a pin 13. The other end of this pitman 12 is connected b meansof cranks 14 to the main driving s aft 3, so that for each revolution ofthe main driving shaft 3,

the crosshead 11 will make one reciprocation. The pin 13 is arranged torotate in bearing members 15 on the crosshead 11.

of the machine, to

movement of the sli e-bloek 6. Connected- These bearings are alsoadapted to move longitudinally on the pin 13, or transversely ermit thetransverse to theend of the crosshead 11 is. a removable plug "16, whichhas connected to the end thereof a die member. This die member comprisesa head portion 18, which is shown as of cylindrical form, the one end"thereof havlng a conical flange which is engaged by a'threaded sleeve 19for securing the head portion to the end of the plug 16. The centralportion of the had 18 is bored out and seated within this bore is arecessed die portion 20, which is arranged to partially form the head,and which head is afterward completed b the face of the head member 18,as more c early hereinafter described. Slidably mounted in alongitudinal direc- 'tion in suitable guides on the bed or frame '2 ofthe machine, are wire or rod feeding devices 21 and 21, which arearranged to grip the stock and feed it forward when moving in onedirection and slide over the stock when moving in the other direction.The stock feedin devices will be more specifically descri ed later on.These stock feeding devices feed the'stock between pinch bars22 and 23,in frontof the heading die, previously described; The pinch bar 22 ismounted in a guide member 24 mounted in the frame of the machine, and isclamped thereto by means'of a clamping member 25. 26 is a liner betweenthe upper end of the pinch bar 22 and'the holding member 24, thearrangement being such that the lower end of this pinch bar may beproperly positioned in the'machine. The pinch bar 23 is slidably mountedin the guide member 24, and is arranged to be reciprocated at the propertime in order to release the stock fed through the openings 27 formedbetween the ends of the pinch bars 22 and 23, onehalf of each of theseopenings being formed .in each of the members. The holding member 24 isadjustably secured in position in the frame 2 by means of wedges 24,which are secured by bolts 24".

The lower end of the pinch bar 23 rests upon the end of a connectingmember 28 which, in turn rests on an adjusting screw 29 in the end of ainch lever 31). Extending laterally from't e pinch bar 23 is a pin 31,which extends into a recess, in which is arranged to be adjusted tolineup the recess therein with the recess in the lever 30. The projection 34and the lever\ 30 are recessed for the reception of a pin, about whichthe lever is adapted to rock. The end of the *1ever30 is provided with aroller 36 which is engagedby a cam.37 on the shaft 4,

which is arranged to rock the lever 30 at the proper time to clamp thestock during the operation of the heading die to form the heads on theends of the two pieces of stock. The roller 36 is held in contact withthe cam 37 by means of a ring 38, the pressure of which can be ad ustedby the adjusting mechanism 39 connected to a bracket mounted on the"frame of the machine. I

Slidably mounted in suitable guides on the frame of the machine areshear blocks 40' and 40, each of which has mounted therein a shear blade41 and 41, which are arranged to alternately cutoff the wires '42 and 42fed forward by the stock feeding devices 21 and 21*,respectively.

The shear blocks 40 and 40 are arranged to be reciprocated toward andfrom each other by cranks 43 and 43, respectively,and which cranks areconnected respectively to shafts 44 and 44. These crank-shafts areconnected to their respective driving shafts 4 and 4 by means of gears45 and 45. These gears are inturn connected to gears 46 and 46 on theshafts 4 and 4, respectively, as hereinafter described. The ratio ofthis gearing is such that the crank shafts 44 and 44*will make one,rotation for each in the main frame. k-These sleeves are each providedwith an eccentric bore, in which the crank shafts are journalled, andare set in such a manner that the centers of the crank shafts will begyrated about the axes of the sleeves. The mechanism is so set that whenthe centers of the two crank shafts and the sleeves are in alignmentwith each other aeoaosr at one time, the shear blades will be moved intocontact with each other in front of one means of gears 48 and 48 whichin turn -mesh with gears 49 and 49 on their respective shafts 4 and 4.The gear wheels 49 and 49 are only one-half the diameter of the gears-48and 48, so that the sleeves will only make one revolution for each tworevolutionsdf the main driving shaft? 21'and- 21?, so that said devicesare always As before stated the gear wheels and.v

45 on the crank shafts are driven through the medium of the gears 46 and46, but as the crank shafts are moved toward and from the shafts 4'and4, these gears are not indirect mesh with each other, but are connectedto each other through the medium of an idler gear. a c

The details of this construction is shown in Figure 5, in which an idlegear 50 is journalled on a fulcrum pin 51 of toggle levers 52, which arealso fulcrumed on -t e shaft 4 and the crank shaft 44, the arrangementbeing such that the crank shafts 44 and 44 .will be continuously indriving connection" with their respective "shafts 4 and 4, even thoughthey are moved toward and from said shafts. 4 v I The feed slides orstock feeding devices 21 and 21 are advanced by means of cams 53' headon the end thereo and 53?, mounted on the gears 48 and 48 respectively.These slides are fed forward by means of these cams which engage rollers54 and 54 on the respective feeding devices fed forward to apredetermined point. The

feeding devices are returned to their 'rearward positions by springs 55and 55, against ad ustable stops 56 and 56. this arrangement, the lengthof each fee ing stroke may be'readily adjusted by positioning the stops.The stock is fed between the usual rollers 57 from" a suitable reel orother source.

The shear blades are each held in their blocks in a manner clearly showninFigures 4 and 11. The end of each shear block is engaged by anadjusting screw '58, which is arranged to adjust the position ofthepoint of one shear blade with relation to the osition' of the pointof the other shear ,b ade. 59 are backing screws for the shear bladesfor adjusting the shear blades toward and:

from the stock. The shear blades are locked in position 'by meansofwedges '60,which are clam ed against the tapered walls of the" recesses1n the shear blocks and a ainst the tapered walls of the shear blades ymeans of screws 61, as clearly shown in Figure '11.-

The blades can be raised and lowered by the adjustment of the wedgeblocks 60. v

Connected to the main driving shaft 3 is a fast pulley 62 and-a loosepulley 63, to which the driving-belt for the machine is connected.

'In the operation of machine, the stock bars 42 and 42 are alternatelyfed forward by the feedingdevices 21.an'd 21. In the drawings, as shown,the stock bar 42 has just been advanced and the shear blades actuated tocut off a formerly. completed nail from the endv of thestock bar 42, andthe end of the stock 'bar 42 has-been up-set by the previous operation.Thedie is now in position,.shown in Figure 7 and is arranged to beadvanced to partially form the head on the end of the stock bar, 42 andto'upset the partially formed head on the end of the stock bar 42. Whenthe die recedes, the

stock bar 42 will be advanced by its feeding" device'21f will device 21,and the feedin recede to. take a grip for t e next feed, and as soon asthe stock bar 42 has been advanced to the proper position, the shearblades 41 and 41" will be closed and also moved later-, ally, sothat theblades' will be central with relation to the stock bar 42 and ,shear'oifthe formerly finished article. The shear blades are now retractedandqthe upsettin die is moved forward, and during the prev ous returnmovement and'before engagement with the. stock, the die will be shiftedlaterally by stockbarszwill be advanced and the'finished article shearedfrom the endthereof,

The term successively as used' in the claims, is used as'moludlng withinits definltion operations which are either successive when two, or morethan two stock feeding means are employed, or alternate when m twostockfeeding means are utilized.

The advantagesYof my invention result from the p'rovisionof' a methodhnd means for'forming headed articles, in'which the 1 head is formedin.a plurality of stages, in .or er to shape the heads'uniformly and also0 form headed articles having abnormally lar e heads in com theirbodies. j j A further advantage results from the proarison to the sizesof vision ofmeans for forming an article at each stroke of the machine,even though several operations are requiredfor forming the head. A stillfurther advantage results from the provision of movable shears foralternately cutting s stock feeding devices,means ferent bars or roafter the completion of the articles on the end thereof, together withmechanism for closing the shears after each shift, to ether with meansfor alternately feeding t e stock bars to the operating mechanism, saidstock feeding means being provided with adjustable means for limitingthe rearward movement of each stock feeding means whereby the length ofthe feed of the stock may be varied. a

I claim:

1. A forging press having forging means for forming an elongated head onone piece of stock and finishing an elongated head on another piece ofstock, means for holding both pieces of stock, means for moving the foring means toward and away from the stoc for forgin the ends of thestock,and means for relatlvely shifting the forging means with relationto the stock pieces to perform alternate forgin operations on each pieceof stock, substantia ly as described. I a

2. A forging press having two sets of stock feeding devices, means foralternately operating the stock feeding devices, means for partiallyforgin the end of the one piece of stock and finlshing the end of theother .piece of stock, means for moving the forgmg meanstoward and fromboth pieces of stock, and means-forrelatively shifting the forgin pieceof stock, substantially as described.

3. A forging press havingtwo sets of stock feeding devices, means foralternately operatin the stock feeding devices, means for partlallyforgin the end of the one piece of stock and finishing the end of theother piece of stock, means for movin the forging means toward and frombot pieces of stock, and shearlng means for alternately.

shearing the finished ends vfrom the pieces of stock, substantially asdescribed.

4.. A forging press having two 'sets of or alternately operating thestock feeding devices, forging means for simultaneouslypartially forminga head on the end of one piece of stock and finishing a head on theother piece of stock, means for moving the forging device toward andfrom the pieces of stock, means for shifting the forging devicelaterally between each forging movement, laterally movable shearsarranged-to be alternately moved into cutting relation with each pieceof stock, and means for actuating said shears to alternately cut thefinished ends from the pieces of stock, substantially as described.

5. A device of the character described, comprising a laterally" movableslide block,

'means for moving said slide block, a forgofithe stock from difmeans andthe stock to alternately I partial y.forge and finish. the end of eachcomprising two sets of stock feeding means,

reciprocating the pitman, a plurality of stock feeding device forfeeding stock to the forgin device,'means for alternately operating saldstock feeding devices, and means for holding both of said stock pieceswhile being forged, substantially as described.

6. A device of the character described, comprising two stock feedinmeans, a die, means for reciprocating said die with relation to thestock feedmg means, said die having an opening therein for partiallyforming the head on the end of one piece of stock and also anotherportion for finishing the partially formed head on the other piece ofstock, and means for moving said die lateral1y between stroke,substantlally as described.

7. A device 0f the character described, comprising two sets of stockfeeding means,

a single die, said die having a head forming a single die, said diehaving a head forming recess therein and other portions for finishingthe head, means for reciprocating said die, means for moving said dielaterall with relation to the stock pieces so as to orm a head by meansof the recess on one stock member and to flatten a previously formedhead on the other member, means for alternately operating the stockfeeding means, a single shear for cutting the finished articles from theend of the stock, means for opcrating said shears after each stroke ofthe die, and means for shifting said shears between the strokes of thedie to alternately cut finished articles from the stock bars,substantially as described.

9. A forging machine having stock feedmoving saidcutter members towardand aeoaoav from each other, and means for shifting said cutter membersto different positions to successively shear said forged bars,substantially as described.

11. In a metal forging machine, a single forging means, a plurality ofstock-feeding means for successively feeding one of a. plurality ofstock bars. to said forging means, a plurality of cutter members,crankshafts for operating said cutter members, said crank shafts beingarranged to gyrate to shift the positions of the cutter members.

. and means for operating said crank shafts to shift the cutter membersto different positions to successively shear said forged bars,substantially as described.

12. In a metal forging machine, a single "forging means, a plurality ofstock-feeding means for successively feeding one of a plu-. rality ofstock bars to said forging means, a plurality of cutting blades, crankshafts for moving said blades toward each other, said crank shafts beingmounted in eccentrically bored sleeves, means to rotate the crank shaftsin unison with each other, and

means'fo'r rotating the sleeves to shift the positions of the shearblades to successively .shear said forged bars, substantially asdescribed.

13. A for 'ng machine, comprising a forging die, a p uralityof stockfeeding devices, means for alternately actuating said feeding devices tofeed the stock, means for re- 'ciprocating said die, and means forshifting sald die laterally with relation to-the stock pieces,substantially'as described.

14. A forging machine, comprising a heading die, a crank shaft, a pitmanconnected thereto for actuating the heading die,

a slide block on which the 'headi die is mounted, and means-for movingsaid slide block laterally with relation to the pitman after each strokeof thedie, substantially as described. 15. A forging tool having anopening for the reception of an upsetting member and a forging facesurrounding said opening, and a removable upsetting member within saidopening, substantially as described.

16. A forging tool, comprising a supporting member, a head portion,means for removably securin said head ortion to the supporting mem r,said hea portion hav-.

. ingi an a tool receiving opening therethrough substantially asdescribed.

a forging-face surrounding the opening, I and a forging tool-removablyseated 1n sald movably securing said head portion to the supportingmember, said head portion having a tool receiving opening therethroughand a. forging face surrounding the opening,

and a recessed forging tool removably seated in said 0 ening,substantially as described. 18. A orging tool, comprising a threadedplug, a head portion having a flange, and a threaded sleeve for engagingthe plug having an internal flange for engaglng the flange onthe'headportion, substantially as described.

19. A forging tool, comprising a threaded plug, having a seatin face onthe end thereof, a head portion engaging said seat, said head portionhaving a central openingin an annular tapered flange, a threaded sleevefor engaging the threads on the plug and having a tapered seat forengagingthe tapered flange on the plug, substantially as described. i

20. A forging tool, comprising a threaded plug having a seating face onthe end thereof, a head portion engaging said seat, said head portionhaving a central opening and an annular tapered flange, a threadedsleeve for'enga-ging the threads on the plug and having a tapered seatfor engaging the tapered flange on the plug, and a removable forginstantia 1y as described.

21. Aforgingmachine having stock-feeding means for feedinga plurality ofstock bars, a single forging means having a plurality of operativeforging portions adapted to successively engage each of said stock barsfor first partially and then completely forging a head thereon, meansfor successively shearing forged pieces from'feach of said bars, andmeans for successively moving said stock-feeding means, substantially asdescribed.

22. A for 'ng machine having stockfeeding means or feeding a pluraityflof. stock tool seated in said opening, subbars to a singleforgmgmeans, and means i for successively movingsaid stock feeding means,substantially as described.

23. A forging machine having stock feeding means for feeding a pluralityof stock bars to a single forging means, means for al ternately shearingforged pieces from the ends of the bars, and means forsuccessivelymoving saidstock feeding means, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof,

I have hereunto set my hand.

DAVID R. WARD,

